Guidance and Support to Meet Learning Needs Term Paper

Guidance and Support to Meet Learning Needs - Term Paper Example The difficulties that such students experience in learning is normally not associated with mental disability. The students possess a certain degree of intelligence, but their brain may fail to register information in the desired manner, thereby making it difficult for them to grasp information fast especially in learning institutions. Nevertheless, they are capable of studying and succeeding in academics. There are many characteristics that are exhibited by students with learning disability. These can be helpful to the teachers while trying to identify the students with special needs. The students occasionally fail to pay attention for a long period and are easily diverted by external occurrences beyond the classroom. They are normally forgetful and have problems of time consciousness. It is therefore difficult for them to make a proper time plan. The problem can also be exhibited in their inability to write legible handwritings and their reduced capacity to read. They usually omit some words while reading as well as pronouncing some letters incorrectly. This may be attributed to their inadequate coordination of the eyes and the hands. Understanding and adhering to instructions is usually difficult with a poor reasoning capacity, and therefore they fail to make sensible objectives. Such students are irritable and always require to be recognized, while on the other hand, they are quite disorganized and constantly mess up with procedures. There are various types of learning needs. Many are not known because they do not exhibit notable physical characteristics. The most common learning need is dyslexia. It is a problem that is associated with difficulties in understanding. Writing problems occur in some learners, reducing their capacity to spell and write words correctly. It hampers the student’s ability to write a coherent composition or piece of academic writing. This problem is known as dysgraphia.  

Show Romeos changes throughout Essay Example for Free

Show Romeos changes throughout Essay The name Romeo, in popular culture, has become synonymous with lover. Romeo Montague, in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet does indeed experience a love of such purity and passion which drives him to death, when he believes the object of his love, Juliet Capulet, has died. Emotions and changes are conveyed in Romeos use of language and his gestured. It is the scenes in which Romeo and Juliet are together that I shall study in the following essay to show Romeos changes and how Shakespeares language is used to show this. At the beginning of the play, Romeo pines for Rosaline, proclaiming her to be the paragon of all women and despairing at her indifference towards him. Romeos Rosaline-induced histronics seem rather juvenile. Romeo is a great reader of love poetry and the portrayal of his love for Rosaline suggests he is trying to re-create feelings about which he has read. He is the epitome of the Elizabethan courtly lover who wallows in self-pity. After first kissing Juliet, she tells him You kiss by th book , meaning that he kisses according to the rules, and implying while proficient, his kissing lacks originality. (I. V. 107). In reference to Rosaline. It seems Romeo loves by the book. It is love which causes Romeo to change his beliefs and his actions. In Romeo and Juliet, love is at first portrayed as a violent ecstatic overpowering force which supersedes all other values, loyalties and emotions. Romeos language when pining for Rosaline is certainly full of oxymorons, which helps display his sorrow with his unrequited love -Heavy lightness sick health and these excesses also help portray his immature understanding of what it is to be in ove. The oxymorons show he is full of turbulent feelings and also show his stress. Supposed love has transformed him into a person even he himself cant recognize. He says Tut. I have lost myself. I am not me Romeo talks about love emotionally but in a clichi d way. His exaggerations are of a sickly manner. When she dies her beauty dies her store, showing this in not love, it is infatuation. Romeo also uses rhyming couplets and this is evidence that what he feels is false love. The are learned words- not from the heart. Romeo is not in love with Rosaline. He is in love with the idea of being in love,. This love is a sharp contrast to the love which Romeo will later feel for Juliet- that is true love. It is in Act 1 Scene 5 that Romeo first meets Juliet. Did my heart love till now? He directs this phrase at Juliet before the two have even met. When they do at last meet, Juliet shares with Romeo not one but two kisses, the second induced by Juliet. Thus from my lips by thine my sin is purged These shows of affection in the time in which the play is set would be ung=heard of upon a first meeting. This shows just how the pair truly epitomise the phrase, Love at first sight for they did not let the fact they were total strangers hinder the strength of their feelings even if the feelings were simply lust. However, we cannot yet tell whether Romeo is being sincere in love this time rather than just lustfully infatuated as he was with Rosaline because Shakespeare gives rOmeo the same indulgent highly petic language. However, he proves himself later in the act by saying Call me but love and Ill be new baptised. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. By saying this Romeo is offering to change his name if it would make Juliet love him and be with him. During Shakespeares time, denouncing your name was no smaell feat. Your name was whee your loyalties and true priorities lie, especially if it was a name of high social standing such as Montague was meant to be. The previous scene ended with Romeos premonition that Some consequence yet hanging in the stars shall bitterly begin his fearful date When Romeo sees Juliet, indeed this meeting proves to be very momentus. His speech is rich in romantic imagery. The striking simile which Shakespeare uses It seem she hangs on the cheek of the night as a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear (44-45) , in which Romeo compares Juliet to a sparkling jewel in a black mans ear. And the image of her as A snowy dove trooping with crows are inkeeping with the associations of brightness and white that run throughout the play and are often mentioned in relation to love. We now recognize the passion with which Romeo speaks and his feeling of love for Juliet is sincere. Juliet is the one who doth teach the torches to burn brightly (43) Juliet is referred to in terms of true beauty. Romeo has forgotten about Rosaline. It is a sharp contradiction to the description of Rosaline in which he tells us She will not stay the siege of loving terms/ Nore bide the encounter of assailing eyes / Nor ope her lap to saint- seducing gold Whereas one proves Juliet is a beacon to him, the other reflects a nai ve and immature belief that nothing can languish Rosalines power. When Romeo and Juliet speak, the exchange is a sonnet, very popular for love poetry in Elizabethan times. The sonnet uses religious imagery Holy shrine, Gentle sin , Pilgrim and Saints. Romeo describes his lips as two blushing pilgrims (94) Shakespeare is saying that Romeo is a pilgrim who is devoted to Juliet. The word Palmers (99) is another word for pilgrim. When Romeo asks Juliet Have not saints lips and holy palmers too? He is asking her Are you not a saint who is worshipped by pilgrims? The final two lines of the sonnet are shared between Romeo and Juliet showing how in tune and connected they are. The meeting is happening at the same time as the party, however Shakespeare makes us forget about the events which are happening around them and we focus on the two lovers. One way Shakespeare manages to do this is by the change in the language. When Romeo first describes Juliet we are forced to forget the hustle and bustle of the party that surrounds and we are drawn to the images of beauty. When Romeo describes Juliet, he uses rhyming couplets, which interest us more than the blank verse that Lord Capulet uses and the prose that the servants use. Another famous scene which focuses on the two lovers together is the most famous scene- known as the balcony scene. It is an example of Shakespeares most lyrical and beautiful writing. Its poetic flights of imagination, its love passages and ots lingering delays of paring, make it a charming scene with emotional impact. It is in this scene that Romeo continues to shed his image as a lovesick and sentimental youth, and expresses his devortion to Juliet with simplicity and intensity, The imagery of light and darkness are very important to the play and particularly to this scene. When Romeo felt he was in love with Rosaline, his mood was dark and gloomy because she was cold like the moon and similar to the Goddess Diana in her aloofness. Juliet is a Maid of the moon because Diana is the patroness of chastity and Juliet is a chaste maid. Romeo, now under the darkness of night, lighted only by the moon, sees in Juliet the promise of bright warm love, far more beautiful than the pale, chaste light of the moon. He goes on to urge Juliet, who cant hear anything he says, to stop being a maid to the moon because her vestal livery is but sick and green/ and none but fools do wear it; cast it off. (2. 2 8-9) A livery is a uniform worn by the servants of noblemen, vestal means chaste and green-sickness is an anemia that was supposed to occur in unmarried girls, because they were unmarried. These words show that Romeo is changing. He wants Juliet as a woman, not as a distant object of adoration, as Rosaline was for him. When he sees Juliet, he instantly drops his poetic metaphoes and says simply It is my lady, O it is my love/ o, that she knew she were! (2. 2 10-11). Romeo says that Juliets eyes are like star. I am too bold, tis not to me she speaks/ Two of the fairest stars in all the heavens/ Having some business. Do entreat her eyes/ To twinkle in their spheres till they return According to the astronomy of the time, each of the stars were embedded in transparent spheres which revolved around the earth. It seems to Romeo that two of the brightest stars have decided that they needed to leave their spheres and they are asking her eyes to twinkle in their places while they are gone. In Elizabethan times, the theories of the univers were still a mystery and Shakespeares astrological use of words show the relationship between love and the universe- both amazing and both having little explanation. It shows that this love at first sight was something magical, the product of a higher power and trult epitomises the meaning of true love. Pensively, Juliet says Ay me1 (2. 2. 20-25). To Romeo, these simple words are divine. He says She speaks! 0, speak again, bright angel for thou art As glorious to this night, being oer my head As is a winged messenger of heaven Unto the white upturned wondering eyes Of mortals that fall back to gaze on him Where he bestides the lazy puffing clouds And sails upon the bosom of the air (2. 2. 25-32) Comparing a beautiful woman to an angel was , and still is, a very common expression, but Romeo- who at this moment is whispering to himself- really believes that Juliet is angelic. Glorious to the night because an angel appears in a glory- a halo surrounding and emanating from its body. When the angel appears, people fall back, arching their heads, turning their eyes upward so that the whites of their eyes show. The angel moves with effortless ease, lighter than clouds, more graceful than a ship sailing on the swelling bosom of the ocean. Romeo speaks all this as if though he has actually seen an angel and now is gazing upon another. This shows a dramatic change of language from when Romeo had pontificated about Rosalines many charms. His language, which once was so clichi d and unbelievable, now sounds increasingly beautiful and truthful. Shakespeare is showing the audience that this is real, and that this is a sharp contrast to the love of Rosaline. Shakespeare is showing us that Romeo is now maturing, growing up and capable of love, and full of it. The audience, as this is written as a play to be seen, not to be read, feel involved in their love, that they have contributed to it just by watching and therefore are part of it. This sense of involvement makes the neding even more traumatic, and also shows Shakespeares true brilliance at understanding how to capture an audience and his genius qualities. When Juliet sees Romeo, Juliet reminds Romeo that if her kinsmen see him, theyll murder him. He answers Alack, there lies more peril in thine eye/ Than twenty of their swords. Look thou but sweet/ And I am proof against their enmity (2. 2. 71-72). He means what was often said in love poetry at the time, that an unfriendly glance from the eye of a lady could kill the man who was in love with her. On the other hand, a sweet look from Juliet is all that he needs to protect him from her kinsmen. When again she worries, he points out in his one practical statement that he is hidden by the night and then says that if she loves him, its ok if her kinsmen find him, because his Life were better ended by their hate than death prorogued wanting of thy love (2. 2. 77-78). In other words, hed much rather have her love and die on the spot, than not have her love and die later. Romeo goes on to say that hes a ship pilot but if Juliet was as far away As that vast shore washed with the farthest sea/ I would adventure for such merchandise (2. 2. 83-84) The verb adventure doesnt mean have fun, it means take a huge chance. In Shakespeares time, there were many adventurers that risked their lives and often lost them looking for the Mystical North West Passage to China. And Merchandise as Romeo uses it, means not saleable goods but rich treasure When Romeo and Juliet have both declared their love for each other, Shakespeares language shows another change in Romeo. It looks as if Juliets about to go, as the nurse has called her, but Romeo exclaims O wilt thou leave me so unsatisfled! (2. 2. 125) and she asks What satisfaction canst thou have tonight? Juliet had worried that Romeo weas unsatisfied because he wanted sex which could have confirmed her lingering fears that Romeo might be the wrong kind of lover, the lover that loved Rosaline. However he has changed, their love has changed him and he answers thjat he wanted the exchange of thy loves faithful vow for mine The wedding takes place in Act 2 Scene 6. Romeo is already at the cell suggesting he is eager. Wr do not see them marry but it just means when we see them together its all the more potent. The Friar begins with a prayer, hoping the union of love and blessing. The Friar knows that the marriage will be difficult So smile the heavens upon this holy act showing that he is asking for some help from God. Romeo says One moment in her company is worth the world and a lifetime of sorrow. This is hyperbolic showing his seriousness, devotion and love. Romeo says he will give up anything to call her his, challenging death. As soon as he sees Juliet he kisses her. This shows how actions can speak louder than words, especially in context off a play. The love that he feels is real and immeasurable. Romeo invites Juliet to describe their love. He wants to parade it. It is beautiful music, it is beyond words. Juliet cannot describe the way she feels. She is exaggerating and this shows that there is no control, that this is reckless. It is a warning. In Act 3 sScene 5 this is the last time they see each other alive. Proleptic irony is used, Juliet prefigures the ending; telling him he looks dead. He tries to make light of the comment saying that dry sorrow drinks their blood. The ending is very sad different from the beginning of the scene when Juliet does not want her to leaves. She listens to her heart and not her head. Romeo is practical pointing out all the tangible objects to prove it is day and therefore he must leave. Romeo makes the ultimate romantic gesture and says he will lay down his life to spend a little more timw ith Juliet. He finally puts Juliets wishes before his own. His flowery language disappears and his words have force because of their simplicity. Hed rather stay with her and die, than leave. The analogy of light is brought into this scene, but now the light brings misery. Romeo finishes Juliets couplet, showing that they are at their emotionally and most linguistically united, they must split asunder. Romeo assures Juliet that they will see each other again. Act 5 scene 3 Romeo campares himself in his deperation to an animal, nothing will stop him, he is determinded to end his life with Jkuliet, at the beginning of the speech he is reasonable, acting alone. Romeo compares the tomb to a maw (a stomach) suggesting death is hungry, he calls it a womb of death, where he used to opposite words to juxtapose. He is in a moelstron of emotion and compares the tomb to and an animal, to which jaws he must pierce open. He is willing to die nd pact more meat into deaths hungry jaws. He enters the tomb (line 85) Romeo returns to the light imagery it is full of metaphors and personification but it has lost its flowery conventionism and false romantic gloss, he is natural and dramatic. Again even in death she is still beautiful, radiant and full of light; he uses the lightening imagery their love and passion was a brief flash before death. He calls her his love, his wife and uses term of indeerment, she is both a sexual object and a woman he loves and adores. Death has not stolen the power of beauty, ironic because she is really alive and not actually dead. He is overwhemelled by his feelings and how alive she looks. He speeks with emphatic language to him, she is still perfect and flawless. Romeo asks for Tybalts forgiveness, so that his sins will not go with him to the next life, he shows maturity, he asks lost of questions with no answers, because he can not believe she is not alive. He is jealous of death, who has a bigger hold over Juliet than him. He compares the tomb to a palace, because in it he will finally be with Juliet, he take control of his own destiny and Shagspear uses the rule of 3 eyes arms lips building to a merging sensual desire and spiritual love for her in the climax. Devotion and desire without Juliet, hes life is worthless, he is mature, acting alone to a steady pace. When talking about the possiion he compares his body to a shit and the poison the pilot who will take him to the next life. He tosses off Juliet one last time and dies with her name on his lips.

The Carnal Prayer Mat by Yu Li Essay -- The Carnal Prayer Mat

Vesperus’ masculine beauty is a central theme in Li Yu’s moral comedy, The Carnal Prayer Mat. What’s more, his life trajectory parallels non-Mahayana Indic accounts of Siddhartha’s path to enlightenment, particularly on the emphasis placed on descriptions of both men’s physical perfection and their subsequent sexual appetite and prowess. Both Vesperus’ and Siddhartha’s masculine beauty propels them forward on their life paths, positioning them in the simultaneously instructive and destructive feminine sphere of the inner quarter. The wealth of sexual experiences gives both men the necessary insight for their critical realization of the superficiality and emptiness of a life guided by carnal desires and sexual pursuits of women. As a result, masculine beauty becomes a critical component in and indication of a man’s ultimate karmic destiny in The Carnal Prayer Mat. Beautiful women consequently are positioned as Vesperus’ se xually instructive tools and immoral opponents. Their further importance as sites of masculine karmic retribution speaks to the degree to which the novel works within a Buddhist framework of gender dichotomies. Ultimately, The Carnal Prayer Mat places beautiful men in a privileged position destined to enlightenment, as their physical perfection affords them access to the critical sexual experiences and lifestyles that they must reject in order attain enlightenment. While The Carnal Prayer Mat is laced with Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist doctrine, this paper aims to understand Buddhist concepts of destiny, karma, and enlightenment through an analysis of representations of masculine ideal beauty in late Imperial China. Vesperus’ and Siddhartha’s parallel life journeys, particularly with respect to experiences i... ...on for all human beings: â€Å"Desire is almost as defiling as the act itself, however†¦.Desire, in the form of love (raga, a word meaning color, but also lewdness, concupiscence, lust, attraction), is therefore one of the ‘three poisons’ that pollute and maintain human existence† (Faure 17). Thus his experiences within â€Å"inner quarters,† defined by his desire for beautiful women that spark sexual excess that simultaneously affirm his virile masculinity, are fundamental components in his journeys to enlightenment. Works Cited Faure, Bernard. The Red Thread: Buddhist Approaches to Sexulity. Princeton:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princeton University Press, 1998. Li, Yu. The Carnal Prayer Mat. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990. Powers, John. A Bull of a Man: Images of Masculinity, Sex, and the Body in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indian Buddhism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009.

Religious Traditions

Religious Tradition Sheila Risner REL/133 November 29, 2010 Matthew Morrison Religious Tradition Religion comes in many forms. What one sect of people believe, will find another believes something totally opposite. There are so many religious rituals and beliefs that is hard for anyone to comprehend all the traditions and worship. The human race is always striving to find a sense of peace and harmony, and are searching for what will give them that feeling and understanding. The Oxford English Dictionary (n. d. ) defines religion as a particular system of faith and worship.It is interesting to note that faith and worship are the two components of religion. Religion has eight elements according to (Molloy, 2010); belief system, community, central myths, rituals, ethics, characteristic emotional experiences, material expressions, and sacredness. Each religion has its own belief system and ideas. There are three indigenous religion cultures that will be described; the Igbo, Pueblo people , and the Hawaiian religion. Igdo worship the goddess of the earth and various spirits such as the river, the yam, and the hearth.Igdo people worship the high God Chukwu and Chineke. Igbos believe that each person has a unique spirit and they can control their own fate. No mention of any kind texts they use for instruction, but they do use masks for use in dances and ceremonies. The Igdo believe that the funeral is the most important ritual. They say that they help the deceased inter the spiritual world. The pueblo people believed in the kachinas, and are the guardian spirits, and are believed to be with the people during ceremonial occasions. The mountains, rivers, and lakes are sacred to the Pueblos.The leader is said to live in these areas, along with the souls of the dead. They believe in that their people move upward through colored worlds. Six religious societies are mentioned as; dedicated to the sun, rainmakers, animal deities, war gods, guardian spirits, and priests. The Ha waiian religion believes in the chant called Kumulipo. They worship too many gods on many different islands. The two most important gods were Ku and Lono. Ku was the patron and Lono was the God of peace. Ten days in a lunar month were sacred to the Hawaiians and work was forbidden on those days.The goddess of fire, Pele, was involved the volcano eruptions. These gods were capable of transforming themselves into different shapes. Men and women ate separately. They could not eat pork, coconuts, bananas, and taro. They had a spiritual power called mana, who had to be protected from evil spirits. Public prayer was common. The Apostolic Pentecost may be one religion not heard of much today, but this is the religion I believe. This religion believes in one God named Jesus Christ, who died and rose from the grave to save us from the place called hell.The King James Version of the Bible is the text of reading. They believe in repentance, baptism, and receiving the Holy Spirit to enter into heaven according to Acts 2:38. The doctrine is according to the apostle’s doctrine in when a person receives the spirit; you will speak in new tongue as the spirit gives the utterance. People accuse this religion that speaking in tongues were for the apostle’s age only, but this has proven to be a myth only. They worship in church with hands lifted in praise. There can be dancing and singing to the God Jesus.The word of God says that a pastor of the church, will lead the church. There is what they call the five-fold ministry. The five-fold ministry is described as pastors, teachers, preachers, evangelists, and prophets, which are used in the ministry. These ministries are sacred to the church and respected as leaders. Conclusion Religion comes in many forms. Most religions of today worship the God of heaven, but as you have seen, many of different sects of people worship other gods such as rivers, mountains, and idols made of stone.It is important to know the belief sy stem, community, central myths, rituals, ethics, characteristic emotional experiences, material expressions, and sacredness of any religion because if you ever had the opportunity to visit one of those places, you would know what to respect as sacred to the people. Reference Molloy, M. (2010). Experiencing the world’s religions: Tradition, challenge, and change (5th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Religion (n. d. ). In Oxford English dictionary online. Retrieved November 28, 2010, from http://www. oed. com/

Raft2 Sentinel Event

Sentinel Event: Child Abduction Description of Event A three-year-old patient presented to the hospital for outpatient surgery of bilateral myringotomies with mother. After the patient was registered, consent for surgery signed by mother, and prepped for surgery, the mother gave the pre-op nurse her phone number and left to run an errand with instructions to be called if her daughter was finished with surgery sooner than expected. The mother was expecting the patient would be ready to go home in about 2 hours.The pre-op nurse stated that she wrote down the mother’s phone number in her own notepad to call her. The patient completed surgery and was taken to recovery. At this time the recovery nurse paged out to the waiting room for the mother as parents are encouraged to come back to the recovery area as the children come out of anesthesia. With no answer from the page and the patient awake and stable, the patient was then given to the post op nurse for discharge. The post op nu rse stated that the recovery nurse had tried to page the mother, but made no mention of trying herself.The patient was becoming upset because she had not yet seen her mother. The security personnel called informing the nurse that the patient’s father had arrived and the patient happily met the â€Å"father,† so the discharge nurse waited another thirty minutes before releasing the patient to the father as there was no sign of the mother. When the mother of the patient arrived thirty minutes after the patient had been discharged looking for the patient, security was called, an internal code pink was initiated and law enforcement notified.Security stated that the mother informed them she had full custody of the patient and that the parents were divorced. The patient was found within thirty minutes in the care of the patient’s father at home. No charges were filed against the father. Roles of Personnel Registrar: A hospital registrar â€Å"performs scheduling, reg istration, verification and reception for all outpatient surgical patients (Northeast Health, 2012). † A hospital registrar is very important to hospitals, as they are the people who obtain insurance and billing information so that the hospital can get paid for the services it provides.The registrar at Nightingale Hospital stated that she entered the patient’s demographics and insurance information, obtained consent to treat the patient, and copied the patients insurance card. She did identify that, as it is not standard process, she did not ask for any other form of identification from the patient’s mother or ask about custody. At most hospitals that deal with pediatric patients, a standard part of the registration process is to have the parent’s present identification and a social security card of the patient. This is one way to help identify the parents as the parents of the patient.While custody information does not have to be given, as part of the con sent for treatment there is a clause stating that the parents who bring the child in are the only people to whom the child will be released upon discharge. Usually an identifier is placed on the parents by registration, such as a matching wristband that has the patient information and says parent, which helps staff know who to release the patient too. As there is no such process in place at Nightingale Hospital to verify parent identification, the registrar completed her job and moved on to the next patient.Pre-Op Nurse: The pre-op nurse is responsible for getting the patient ready for surgery. From â€Å"assess patient’s status, to reviewing the chart, identifying the patient, verifying the surgical site and marks site per institutional policy, establishing IV line, giving medications, and providing emotional support (Nurselabs, 2012). † The pre-op nurse stated in her interview that she was very busy the day of the patient’s surgery and did her usual assessment s and patient preparation, however she did have to run around to track down a gown.The nurse also stated that she wrote the mother’s phone number down on a notepad that she carries with her at all times. The mother requested to be called when the surgery was complete. The nurse made no mention of passing the phone number off to any of the other nurses or making a note on the chart for the other nurses to see regarding the mothers wish to be called and the number she could be reached at. The nurse also stated that she did not ask for custody information and felt that the doctor’s office should be responsible to get and give that information to the hospital.Overall the nurse did her basic work to prepare the patient for surgery. OR Nurse: The next nurse to receive the patient and have contact with her was the OR nurse. This nurse â€Å"maintains aseptic technique, controls the environment of the OR suite, transfers patient to operating room bed or table and positions th e patient: function alignment, exposure of surgical site, applies grounding device to patient, ensures that the sponge, needle, and instrument counts are correct and completes intraoperative documentation (Nurselabs, 2012). The OR nurse expressed concern in her interview that there was a possibility of this type of incident happening in other areas or departments in the facility as the OR is not the only area that separates children and parents to do procedures or tests. Overall the nurse did not identify much of her role and interactions with the patient or other staff in her interview. It is therefore assumed she did her role as described above but nothing further. Recovery Nurse: After the OR the patient was then sent to the recovery nurse.His role is to â€Å"determine the patient’s immediate response to surgical intervention, monitor patient’s physiologic status, assess and reassess patient’s pain level and administers appropriate pain relief measures, mai ntains patient’s safety (airway, circulation, prevention of injury), and assess readiness to be discharged or admitted (Nurselabs, 2012). † The recovery nurse stated that he received report from the OR nurse and took care of the patient as described above. As the patient woke up he â€Å"paged† to the waiting area to have the mom brought back.She did not answer and as the patient was stable and awake he took her to the post op nurse. There was no mention of the recovery nurse calling the mother as she had expressed to the pre-op nurse. The recovery nurse did not appear to know of these wishes, have her phone number, or be aware that the mother was not going to be in waiting room. The lack of communication from one staff member to another becomes apparent at this point in the patient’s care. The recovery nurse did not have any ideas on how to improve the system, but did express concern over lengthy and formal hand off report among nurses.The recovery nurse did not think outside of the normal standard when it came to trying to contact the patient’s mother, however he did his job according to hospital standards. Post-Op Nurse: The last phase of the patient’s care was to be transferred to the Post-Op nurse for â€Å"continued monitoring of patient’s physical and psychological response to surgical intervention, provides teaching to patient and family for discharge (Nurselabs, 2012). † The nurse stated that she was informed that the recovery nurse could not reach the mother via page.There is no mention of her trying to obtain a phone number to reach the mother. The nurse expressed that the patient was very distraught over not having her mother there. When security notified her that a person who stated he was the father was there, the nurse agreed to let him in and the patient was very happy to see him. The nurse stated in her interview that she waited for the mother, but when she did not show agreed to discharge the patient to the father’s care. The nurse did not check any identification from the father that acknowledged he was in fact the patient’s father.While the nurse did not have a specific hospital policy to follow regarding discharge of a patient, there was no extra effort on the part of the nurse to contact the mother per her report. Had there been notification on the patient chart regarding custody or a phone number the nurse could have easily verified information and not let the patient leave or gotten the mother’s approval for discharge. The nurse adequately took care of the patient during her time in the nurse’s care, however her choice to discharge the patient home without the mother was a lapse in judgment causing an error that could have potentially harmed the patient.Security: A security officer at a hospital has many responsibilities and depending on the needs of the hospital those duties may vary. Overall the officer is supposed to â€Å"write daily reports regarding the activities and disturbances (if any) that occur during his serving period, checks lights, alarm system, windows, doors, and gates, gives access to family members to see their patients, responds to any fire alarms, violent patients, and assists with helicopter landings (Sandhyarani, Ningthoujam, 2011). The security officer at Nightingale Hospital was responsible for bringing the â€Å"father† of the patient to the post-op care area to meet the patient, as well as responding to the â€Å"code pink† and notifying law enforcement of the abduction. The officer expressed concern over the delay in time of reporting the abduction when in fact, the nurse was unaware that the mother did not know the child had been discharged. The officer had an idea for using the same alarm coded bands used in the OB department with any pediatric patient and placing sensors around the hospital.It is great that he is thinking of new ways to help improve the system fro m a security standpoint. The officer responded to the situation quickly and efficiently using the information and resources he had available at the time. In the end the child was found and he therefore performed his duty quickly and efficiently. Surgeon: The surgeon’s responsibilities include ensuring that the patient is a good candidate for surgery, preparing the parents and patients for surgery, performing the surgery, overseeing the patients care post surgery. The urgeon who worked on the patient at Nightingale Hospital stated that he is the #1 ENT physician at the hospital. That implies he is very good at what he does. He stated that his office had records that state the mother is the primary custody holder of the patient and that the hospital did not get those records. While the hospital could have obtained the records, simply adding the question to the registration process would rectify the situation. The surgeon is very angry that this incident occurred and he does hav e a right as this is his patient and if these things continue to happen he will not have patients.The surgeon role is the overseer of the patient’s care before, during and after surgery. The surgeon completed the surgery and care of the patient as part of his job. Chief Nursing Officer: This person is responsible for just about anything that happens in the hospital from a nursing standpoint. This means that anything that is going right or wrong they deal with. The officer usually sits on many different committees to help with improving and maintaining staff education, competence, patient safety, and hospital management.The officer was not involved in the sentinel event, however it will be her responsibility to form committee, to complete the documentation, and to develop a way to ensure the event does not happen again. Barriers There are many different barriers that can impede effective interactions among people. These include physical, emotional, communication, language and cultural barriers (Ivanov, Tatyana, n. d). Physical barriers include demand of the nurse’s jobs including being short staffed, time constraints, technology, and unable to do face to face hand off reports. Emotional barriers include stereotyping, fear, anger, frustration, and mistrust.Communication barriers can encompass all the types of barriers. This barrier inhibits people’s ability to speak so that others understand, not all the information is given, and an inability to fully listen to what is said. Language and Cultural barriers include not being able to understand someone due to an accent, different meanings of words when translated from one language to another, and not understanding or respecting cultural views or practices. In this situation all of the staff experienced some form of barrier during the course of the patients visit. The biggest barriers appear to be communication and emotional barriers.A lack of proper hand-off report from one staff member to the next and nurses who appeared to feel overwhelmed and unsure of themselves or what to do next contributed to the patient being discharged to the wrong parent. Ways to decrease the presence of barriers and improve the staff interactions include a standardized hand off report, decreasing use of jargon or slang, giving timely feedback, decreasing physical barriers and talking in person, and learning about other cultures (Neusom, Ruby, n. d. ). Knowledge is power and the more the staff knows the better equipped they will be to identify and handle barriers as they arise.Getting a team of nurses together from multiple departments to help develop a standardized hand off report for staff will ensure that important information is passed on and not missed. In this report, staff must relay vital information for that patient as well as give report in person so that technology and language are not barriers. This will allow the staff to work together to improve their areas and it allows them to ta ke ownership of the project, meaning they will be more likely to utilize the hand off process in the future.Another way to improve interactions is to include barriers as a topic of education in the annual risk management education that staff completes each year. By helping staff to see and identify potential barriers they can hopefully prevent them from impeding patient care in the future. Quality improvement Method The quality improvement is a concept that not only hospitals but companies all over the world have been using for a very long time. Quality improvement is the process of looking forward and backward at company, process, policy, and/or safety. It is simply the process of making things better or improving them.It can be done to correct something that went wrong or used to prevent something bad from happening in the future. The method the Nightingale hospital needs to utilize is the FADE method. Focus, analyze, develop, and execute/evaluate (Wiseman, Beau and Kaprielian, Vi ctoria S, 2005). While there are many different models available in the business world today, they all have the common theme of analysis, implementation and reviewing. Different businesses tend to have different needs and therefore no model is better than another. The FADE model is useful to the hospital’s root cause analysis as it gives guidance and direction.The reason this model was chosen was because of the ease of use, the detailed direction and instruction, and the completeness of the model. This model allows the staff or committees to look at all angles of the situation and work to improve it. It is a complex model not a basic simple one, which gives better instruction. The first step of FADE is to focus. This means the hospital needs to identify a problem within the hospital and write a problem statement to help narrow down what is being looked at. The current issue is how to prevent child abductions within the hospital.While the OR is where the current event happened , it can easily become an issue for other areas of the hospital who care for children. The next step is to analyze the data and determine influential factors. This means the hospital will need to compile lists of what information is important to this case and what information is not. Collect any data about patterns and things that influence the outcomes or contribute to the problem or solution. This is the time for the hospital to evaluate what went wrong that lead to the child being discharged to a person that potentially could have not been the child’s relative.The more data that is gathered and analyzed the better understanding and better outcome the hospital can hope for in fixing the problem. The third step is to develop a plan of action. After gathering and reviewing all the information provided regarding the issue at hand. The hospital must develop a plan that helps to solve the problem. This is the time when getting people from multiple departments and areas of the ho spital will be important as each area will have a different view point that may help develop a plan that works for the majority of the people.During this stage not only does a plan need to be made but also planning to implement the plan. New policies and procedures cannot be implemented over night and expect all staff to agree and utilize it. All staff must complete proper training regarding the new plan before it can be put into use. For the hospital a plan needs to be developed that includes the input of security, OR staff, ER staff, OB staff, radiology, and administration. As multiple areas of the hospital will be affected by the new plan for pediatric patients, all those working with them should be included in the planning process.Once a plan is developed to prevent child abduction from happening again, education of all staff will be required. The last step in the quality improvement method is execute and evaluation. After staff has been trained it is time to put the plan into a ction. This is the time when committees will need to be organized to continue to evaluate and monitor the progress of the plan, keep records of the impact the plan has, and most important execute the plan. As time passes the committees will need to continue to evaluate the plan for success.If it is successful then continued monitoring is all that is needed. If the plan is not successful then the quality improvement methods starts again. It is during this phase that the hospital will need to ensure that every aspect of the plan is in place in a timely manner so that it can be properly evaluated. In this stage maintenance of the equipment and technologies will need to be completed as well as any minor adjustments to the plan that need to be made to better serve the entire staff and ensure the safety of the pediatric patients.Overall quality improvement is vital to patient safety and necessary for the continued advancement and improvement of patient care. By utilizing this method the h ospital will be able to complete a thorough root cause analysis that focuses, analyzes, develops, executes and evaluates the success and failure of the hospital. The Joint Commission requires that all sentinel events be reported and that the hospital develop a reason and solution to the problem. This method allows the hospital to follow Joint Commission Standards ensuring they keep their Joint Commission Accreditation.Corrective Action Plan: The development of risk management officers and committees started when lawsuits and insurance premiums began to rise. The goal of these people was to establish guidelines in which to help reduce and prevent errors, increase safety, and decrease financial loss. While the committees work daily to accomplish these things by utilizing a process of identifying, analyzing, treating and controlling, and evaluating (Chubb Healthcare, n. d. ), it is important to note that all staff must take an active role in risk management to ensure the hospital maint ains its high standards of care.It is the responsibility of all staff to identify areas of concern and report to the risk management committee so that changes can be made. Annual education of all staff is required on this subject to ensure that everyone is doing all they can to decrease risk. A thorough risk management program includes policies and procedures on the running of a risk management committee as well as maintenance and changes to the company’s policies and procedures to ensure compliance and proper utilization. It also has formal incident reporting, tracking and trends, and staff education.These are the basics of a very complex program that helps to decrease risk in the hospital setting. The areas that need to be changed and addressed in regards to the Nightingale Hospital is the area of policies and procedures that are related to patient safety. In ensuring patient safety the hospital can decrease the occurrence of lawsuits, decrease insurance costs, and increase staff awareness. While the risk management committee will be doing much of the initial review of the incident and changes to the policies, other committees and staff must be included in the change process.These resources include quality assurance, administration, safety and security, legal, and nurses, physicians, and other ancillary staff. The risk management committee should be reviewing the hospitals policies and procedures on a routine basis, at least annually, to look for areas of improvement, compliance with Joint Commission standards, and changes in healthcare advancements that therefore make the policies outdated. This area of the risk management program is clearly not being followed if there is no policy or procedure in place to prevent child abductions from happening in areas outside of the OB department.The risk management committee needs to address this lapse in protocol by taking five simple steps. First a review of the incident that happened, second gathering resource s to help gain insight into the different areas of the hospital, third developing a new hospital policy, fourth implementing the policy and educating staff, and lastly reviewing the policy on a annual basis to ensure compliance and monitor the need for improvement (Chubb Healthcare, n. d. ). In doing these steps the risk management committee can decrease the potential for child abductions in the hospital.First the committee must review the formal incident report, looking at the who, what, where, when, why, and how of the situation. Review any prior claims, patient complaints, staff complaints, and quality assurance reports (Chubb Healthcare, n. d. ). These allow the risk team to identify the problem and start to pinpoint the areas that need changing. The risk committee will need to work closely with the quality assurance committee, who likely have already gathered much of this information.They also will be a resource with regards to the requirements of the Joint Commission standards and be able to help identify any missteps that are resulting in non-compliance. This step needs to be completed in a timely manner, the longer it takes to get the information the longer it will take to get a new policy in place. The risk committee should set a deadline of no more than one month to complete this step. It is more likely that the committee could complete this step in two weeks but as many members may be working on other projects at the time, the committee will be allowed one month to complete this step.Next the risk management committee must meet with the different resources available to discuss the changes that need to be made to patient ensure safety. During this time the committee will hear from the legal department, safety and security department, staff from all areas of the hospital, and administrative staff. The point of this step is to gather as many ideas for change and improvement as possible from as many different aspects. As child abduction prevention is no t just security’s responsibility it will be important to understand what all staff can do (CNA, 2006).The legal department will be able to give feedback on what the hospital can and cannot do to ensure that the hospital does not develop a potential lawsuit from the new policy or lack of any previous policies. The safety and security department will be a huge resource for the risk committee as their job is to ensure that everyone stays safe. The new policy will greatly impact the security department as they will be required to potentially perform â€Å"code pink† drills, research and obtain new monitoring and sensor equipment or even increase staff levels to accommodate the increased security measures.Ensuring that the safety and security department is working closely with the risk committee will be key to ensuring a policy that is beneficial to everyone. The administrative staff involvement will be important as they will be looking at the information from a corporate s tandpoint. Their input on the policy will be centered on what is best for the hospital and how it ties into the values and standards of the corporation as a whole. They also will know budgets available for changes that need to be made to staff or security systems.The administrative resource is important because they look at the whole picture. The last resource that the risk committee will be utilizing is the staff, both clinical and non-clinical staff. This includes input from physicians, nurses, maintenance, environmental, technical support, and volunteers. These are the front line defenders when an abduction happens. These are the staff members that are present when it happens. Their input is key to being able to ensure that a new policy will help prevent any future abduction.As these staff live the day-to-day responsibilities of caring for patients, their suggestions and points of view are important. Also by having staff involved in the planning process they will be more likely t o adopt the new policy and follow it, because it will make sense to them and fit into their needs for the hospital. By utilizing all these different resources a proper policy can then be developed. This step should only take two weeks to complete. Taking longer may cause delay in development of the policy that is needed.The thirds step is to develop the new hospital policy utilizing all the information gathered from the sentinel event, quality assurance committee, and the hospital resources. The new policy must meet Joint Commission requirements for standards of care and safety of patients, as well as the hospitals needs (Chubb Healthcare, n. d. ). During this time, research for any new technology or materials to implement the new policy must be completed and quotes for pricing submitted to administration for approval. When the risk committee writes the new policy it must be written in a way that everyone can understand.This step should take no more than one month to complete. The c ommittee should spend a week reviewing all the notes and information gathered from the first two steps, then one week gathering the pricing information needed to implement the plan and then two weeks to have a completed policy. Everyone on the committee and in administration must be aware of these deadlines so that the policy can be implemented in a timely manner and all approvals completed in the appropriate deadlines. Next, the risk committee must ensure the staff is educated on the new policy and implement the policy.Live classes and computer-based learning will be important to educate all staff in the hospital on the new policy, technologies, and equipment (CNA, 2006). It is during this time that any new technology, forms, or other materials must be installed, printed, and dispersed so that when training is completed it will be ready for staff to use. This includes but is not limited to new forms for registration, new matching armbands for the children and parents, sensors aroun d the hospital that connect with the sensors in the armbands of the children, increased security staffing, etc.This step may take up to two months to complete depending on the ability of the committees to get the materials needed for training as well as materials installed and dispersed. Lastly the risk committee must continue to monitor the policy and compliance for any issues that may arise and make changes accordingly. It is recommended that with any new policy the risk committee monitor progress, compliance, and whether it is working or not by compiling risk reports on â€Å"code pinks† or other child safety reports as indicated in the policy monthly for the first year.As the hospital becomes more comfortable with the policy and it is changed to fit the needs of the hospital, and the policy has not been changed for six months; the policy can go into the yearly review area. The quality assurance committee can then continue to monitor the policy for compliance, impact, and maintenance. This last step can take up to a year, if not longer to complete depending on the needs of the hospital. Conclusion In the end a child being abducted whether by a parent who does not have custody or by a stranger is an emotionally trying experience for any parent as well as the child.All measures must be taken to ensure that the sentinel event does not occur again. By working with the quality assurance committee to utilize FADE (focus, analyze, develop, execute/evaluate), the risk management committee to create a new hospital policy, and the entire hospital staff, this will hopefully never happen again. While there are always legal and financial issues involved when something happens to a patient to compromise their safety, care, or well being, it is important that the hospital learns from these mistakes and takes action to correct them for the future.

Free Essays on Capital Moves

Capital Moves Capital Moves by Jefferson Cowie is a short version of a long journey that the Radio Corporation of America took through North America on a 70 year quest for cheap labor. On this journey, the company moved every time a problem arisen, and in the end, encountered the same behaviors over and over throughout North America. Starting in Camden, New Jersey and traveling through Bloomington, Memphis, and Mexico, the company was able to learn about the people, and the people learned the ways of â€Å"big business.† In 1926, RCA became one of the largest companies in America. The radio technology company began in Camden, New Jersey. It was there that it grew from a narrowcasting communication, to a broadcast. This is because it produced the National Broadcasting Company, also known as NBC.(13) RCA was joined together as a company with owners from General Electric, Westinghouse, AT&T and United Fruit, along with many other small portion owners.(13) Work in Camden was very efficient and non-confrontational for the employers at first. After time, the workers were upset with their wages for the amount of work that they were putting in. The employees began to strike and form unions. RCA did not want to deal with the stress accompanying those actions, so they up and moved to Bloomington, Indiana. RCA was in Bloomington for the duration of 28 years. They began work there in 1940 while leaving in 1968. RCA’s reason for moving to Bloomington was the people’s desperation to work.(42) The desperation of the people was produced by the Shower Brother’s Furniture Company shutting down along with the downfall of the lime stone industry, and the land could not produce crops anymore.(44) Although many layoffs and farmers without land occupied much of the surrounding area, RCA was looking for females to fill many of the roles at the plant. â€Å"†¦recruits had to have a high school education and they had to be between the ag... Free Essays on Capital Moves Free Essays on Capital Moves Capital Moves Capital Moves by Jefferson Cowie is a short version of a long journey that the Radio Corporation of America took through North America on a 70 year quest for cheap labor. On this journey, the company moved every time a problem arisen, and in the end, encountered the same behaviors over and over throughout North America. Starting in Camden, New Jersey and traveling through Bloomington, Memphis, and Mexico, the company was able to learn about the people, and the people learned the ways of â€Å"big business.† In 1926, RCA became one of the largest companies in America. The radio technology company began in Camden, New Jersey. It was there that it grew from a narrowcasting communication, to a broadcast. This is because it produced the National Broadcasting Company, also known as NBC.(13) RCA was joined together as a company with owners from General Electric, Westinghouse, AT&T and United Fruit, along with many other small portion owners.(13) Work in Camden was very efficient and non-confrontational for the employers at first. After time, the workers were upset with their wages for the amount of work that they were putting in. The employees began to strike and form unions. RCA did not want to deal with the stress accompanying those actions, so they up and moved to Bloomington, Indiana. RCA was in Bloomington for the duration of 28 years. They began work there in 1940 while leaving in 1968. RCA’s reason for moving to Bloomington was the people’s desperation to work.(42) The desperation of the people was produced by the Shower Brother’s Furniture Company shutting down along with the downfall of the lime stone industry, and the land could not produce crops anymore.(44) Although many layoffs and farmers without land occupied much of the surrounding area, RCA was looking for females to fill many of the roles at the plant. â€Å"†¦recruits had to have a high school education and they had to be between the ag...

What Are Human Rights

What Are Human Rights One of the most peculiar aspects of a post-industrial living is that, as of today, just about every socially prominent politician in the West considers itself an ‘expert on human rights’ and refers the concept of human rights, as such that represents an objective truth-value.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What Are Human Rights? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Partially, this can be explained by the fact that the classical definitions of human rights suggest the concept’s perceptual and implicational universality, which in turn implies that one’s endowment with a particular ‘human right’ should not be substantiated rationally, but rather ‘felt’ emotionally. As Cranston (1973, p. 36) pointed out, â€Å"A human right by definition is a universal moral right†¦ something of which no one may be deprived without a grave affront to justice, something which is owin g to every human being simply because he is human†. In fact, the belief that all humans are equally entitled to certain rights, within the society, served as a discursive foundation for the introduction of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) by the U.N., according to which, â€Å"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood† (UDHR 1948, Article 1). Nevertheless, even though that nowadays the concept of ‘human rights’ is being commonly discussed, as such that applies to all people, regardless of what happened to be the specifics of their ethno-cultural affiliation and their varying ability to act as the agents of progress, this is far from being the actual case. After all, it is not only that throughout the course of history, the concept of human rights has been referred to, as such that applies to only certain groups of individuals, but that the objective socio-political realities create dialectical prerequisites for this concept to be used by Western countries to justify their continual geopolitical domination in the world.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is exactly the reason why, as of today, we usually get to hear of people’s ‘human rights’ being abused, within the context of how Western countries (particularly the U.S.) go about rationalizing their decisions to resort to a military intervention, as the mean of ‘defending democracy’ in the de facto sovereign states. Therefore, there is nothing too surprising about the fact that, even though that the universality of people’s ‘human rights’ has been officially declared by the international community members, as far back as in 1948, there is very little uniformity to ho w this concept is being applied in practice. The reason for this is apparent – whereas, there is indeed a good rationale in thinking that the idea of ‘human rights’ does appeal to people on an unconscious level, not all of these people can be regarded humans, in the societal sense of this word. Let us explore the validity of this statement at length. When it comes to elaborating on what should be considered a discursively legitimate definition of ‘human rights’, it is important to understand that the concept in question cannot be referred to in terms of a ‘thing in itself’. That is, at first people evolved to the point of being able to recognize their basic humanity, and only then they realized themselves being in a position to coin the term ‘human rights’. What does make one human? It is the same that allowed the representatives of Homo Sapiens species to attain an undisputed dominance in their environmental niche, which no w accounts for the whole planet Earth – their ability to operate with highly abstract subject matters (intellect). Being endowed with intellect, people are able to act as the agents of civilization/progress, which in turn allows them to create societies and to ensure these societies’ effective functioning. Thus, in order for just about anyone to be considered eligible of taking a practical advantage of ‘human rights, he or she must be able to prove its humanness socially.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on What Are Human Rights? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In its turn, this would require the concerned individual to attest his or her endowment with, â€Å"1. Capacity to reason; 2. capacity to act for normative reasons, including moral reasons; 3. capacity to act autonomously; 4. capacity to engage in complex social relationships† (Bernat 2008, p. 8). In other words, it is specifically the individuals capable of pushing forward a socio-cultural progress, which may be considered human, in the full sense of this word. Hence, the first discursive provision to how I think the concept of ‘human rights’ should be defined – the notion of a ‘right’ derives out of the notion of a ‘power’, rather out of the notion of a ‘morality/ethics’. This is why it is wrong to believe that one can simply be assigned with certain rights, without qualifying to possess these rights, in the first place. Rights are not given but taken (Pagden 2003). This is the reason why it is methodologically fallacious to assume that animals or unborn human fetuses can have ‘rights’ – it is not only the above-mentioned may have no understanding, as to what the concept of a ‘right’ stands for, but they would never be able to defend any of their hypothetical ‘rights’, even in theory. The second provision is that the notion of a ‘right’ must be discussed in conjunction with the notion of an intellectual advancement. After all, it is specifically people’s ability to indulge in abstract philosophizing, which allowed them to coin up the term ‘humanity’, in the first place. This once again suggests that it is conceptually inappropriate advocating the universality of human rights, without taking into consideration the qualitative psychological characteristics of those individuals, to which the concept of ‘human rights’ supposedly applies. The third provision is that, contrary to what nowadays is being commonly assumed, the earlier mentioned concept (in its contemporary sounding) did not come about because of the humanity’s ways having been turned thoroughly ethical/moral.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rather, it emerged because the concept’s advocates, which overwhelmingly consist of Westerners (Whites), came to realize that, on order for them to be able to continue exploiting the world’s natural and human resources, they need to have a legally legitimate excuse to meddle in the internal affairs of non-Western countries. In other words, the objective laws of history naturally predetermined the concept of ‘human rights’ to serve realist rather than constructivist purposes. What has been said earlier allows us to formulate a discursively sound definition of human rights. Human rights are the legally enforced civil liberties, to which the members of most evolutionary advanced societies happened to be entitled by the very fact that, due to their socio-economic and technological advancement, they can enjoy the luxury of not having to participate in the tribal ‘war of everybody against everybody’, as the mean of ensuring their physical survival. This definition, of course, implies that there is indeed a good reason in limiting the ‘universality’ of humans rights to encompass only those, which due to the genetically predetermined specifics of their ‘mental wiring’, are able to comprehend the concept, in general, and its discursive implications, in particular. Qualifying people for the entitlement to human rights will not represent much of a challenge. Since one’s ability to function as the society’s productive member (and consequently, the extent of his or her ‘humanness’) reflects the concerned person’s rate of IQ, it will be logical to assume that it is only the individuals with the IQ rate higher than 70, to which the concept of ‘human rights’ applies. Given the fact that, as sociologists are being well aware of, in some world’s countries the average rate of citizens’ IQ is measured to be as low as 50 (Lynn Vanhanen 2002), people that reside in these countries cannot be considered the de facto part of humanity. Consequently, the concept of ‘human rights’ cannot apply to these people, by definition. Even though that the earlier suggestion may be deemed ‘racist’, it nevertheless correlates perfectly well with the actual state of affairs in the arena of international politics. For example, during the course of the 1994 Rwandan genocide, which resulted in the deaths of at least one million people, Western countries adopted a ‘neutral’ stance the violation of Rwandans’ ‘human rights’ did not concern these countries at all. Had Rwanda been rich in natural resources, this would have been an entirely different matter (Kimpimaki 2011). Thus, it would only be appropriate to conclude this paper by reinstating once again that the presumed ‘universality’ of human rights is nothing but a myth, just as it is being the case with the theoretical paradigm, ou t of which this myth originated – the assumption of people’s universal equality. This is the reason why, if not adjusted to the earlier mentioned provisions, the concept of ‘human rights’ will continue to emanate a strong spirit of hypocrisy. References Bernat, E 2008, ‘Which Beings Should Be Entitled to Human Rights?’, Medical Law International, vol. 9 no. 1, pp. 1-12. Cranston, M 1973, What are human rights?, Bodley Head, London. Kimpimaki, M 2011, ‘Genocide in Rwanda is it really Finlands concern?’, International Criminal Law Review, vol. 11 no. 1, pp. 155-176. Lynn, R Vanhanen, T 2002, IQ and the wealth of nations. Westport, Greenwood Publishing Group. Pagden, A 2003, ‘Human rights, natural rights, and Europes imperial legacy’, Political Theory, vol. 31 no. 2, pp. 171-199. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html

Andrés Bonifacio, Filipino Revolutionary Leader

Andrà ©s Bonifacio, Filipino Revolutionary Leader Andrà ©s Bonifacio (November 30, 1863–May 10, 1897) was a leader of the Philippine Revolution and the president of the Tagalog Republic, a short-lived government in the Philippines. Through his work, Bonifacio helped the Philippines break free from Spanish colonial rule. His story is still remembered in the Philippines today. Fast Facts: Andrà ©s Bonifacio Known For: Leader of the Philippine RevolutionAlso Known As: Andrà ©s Bonifacio y de CastroBorn: November 30, 1863 in Manila, PhilippinesParents: Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de CastroDied: May 10, 1897 in Maragondon, PhilippinesSpouse(s): Monica of Palomar (m. 1880-1890), Gregoria de Jesà ºs (m. 1893-1897)Children: Andres de Jesà ºs Bonifacio, Jr. Early Life Andrà ©s Bonifacio y de Castro was born on November 30, 1863, in Tondo, Manila. His father Santiago was a tailor, local politician, and boatman who operated a river-ferry. his mother Catalina de Castro was employed in a cigarette-rolling factory. The couple worked extremely hard to support Andrà ©s and his five younger siblings, but in 1881 Catalina caught tuberculosis and died. The following year, Santiago also became ill and passed away. At the age of 19, Bonifacio was forced to give up plans for higher education and begin working full-time to support his orphaned younger siblings. He worked for the British trading company J.M. Fleming Co. as a broker, or corredor, for local raw materials such as tar and rattan. He later moved to the German firm Fressell Co., where he worked as a bodeguero, or grocer. Family Life Bonifacios tragic family history during his youth seems to have followed him into adulthood. He married twice but had no surviving children at the time of his death. His first wife Monica came from the Palomar neighborhood of Bacoor. She died young of leprosy (Hansens disease). Bonifacios second wife Gregoria de Jesus came from the Calookan area of Metro Manila. They married when he was 29 and she was just 18; their only child, a son, died in infancy. Establishment of Katipunan In 1892, Bonifacio joined Jose Rizals organization La Liga Filipina, which called for reform of the Spanish colonial regime in the Philippines. The group met only once, however, since Spanish officials arrested Rizal immediately after the first meeting and deported him to the southern island of Mindanao. After Rizals arrest and deportation, Bonifacio and others revived La Liga to maintain pressure on the Spanish government to free the Philippines. Along with his friends Ladislao Diwa and Teodoro Plata, however, he also founded a group called Katipunan. Katipunan, or Kataastaasang Kagalannalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (literally Highest and Most Respected Society of the Children of the Country), was dedicated to armed resistance against the colonial government. Made up mostly of people from the middle and lower classes, the Katipunan organization soon established regional branches in a number of provinces across the Philippines. In 1895, Bonifacio became the top leader, or Presidente Supremo, of the Katipunan. Along with his friends Emilio Jacinto and Pio Valenzuela, Bonifacio published a newspaper called the Kalayaan, or Freedom. Under Bonifacios leadership in 1896, Katipunan grew from about 300 members to more than 30,000. With a militant mood sweeping the nation and a multi-island network in place, Bonifacios organization was prepared to start fighting for freedom from Spain. Philippine Revolution Over the summer of 1896, the Spanish colonial government began to realize that the Philippines was on the verge of revolt. On August 19, authorities tried to preempt the uprising by arresting hundreds of people and jailing them under charges of treason. Some of those swept up were genuinely involved in the movement, but many were not. Among those arrested was Jose Rizal, who was on a ship in Manila Bay waiting to ship out for service as a military doctor in Cuba (this was part of his plea bargain with the Spanish government, in exchange for his release from prison in Mindanao). Bonifacio and two friends dressed up as sailors and made their way onto the ship and tried to convince Rizal to escape with them, but he refused; he was later put on trial in a Spanish kangaroo court and executed. Bonifacio kicked off the revolt by leading thousands of his followers to tear up their community tax certificates, or cedulas. This signaled their refusal to pay any more taxes to the Spanish colonial regime. Bonifacio named himself president and commander-in-chief of the Philippines revolutionary government, declaring the nations independence from Spain on August 23. He issued a manifesto, dated August 28, 1896, calling for all towns to rise simultaneously and attack Manila, and sent generals to lead the rebel forces in this offensive. Attack on San Juan del Monte Bonifacio himself led an attack on the town of San Juan del Monte, intent on capturing Manilas metro water station and the powder magazine from the Spanish garrison. Although they were vastly outnumbered, the Spanish troops inside managed to hold off Bonifacios forces until reinforcements arrived. Bonifacio was forced to withdraw to Marikina, Montalban, and San Mateo; his group suffered heavy casualties. Elsewhere, other Katipunan groups attacked Spanish troops all around Manila. By early September, the revolution was spreading across the country. Fighting Intensifies As Spain pulled all its resources back to defend the capital at Manila, rebel groups in other areas began to sweep up the token Spanish resistance left behind. The group in Cavite (a peninsula south of the capital, jutting into Manila Bay), had the greatest success in driving the Spanish out. Cavites rebels were led by an upper-class politician called Emilio Aguinaldo. By October of 1896, Aguinaldos forces held most of the peninsula. Bonifacio led a separate faction from Morong, about 35 miles east of Manila. The third group under Mariano Llanera was based in Bulacan, north of the capital. Bonifacio appointed generals to establish bases in the mountains all over Luzon island. Despite his earlier military reverses, Bonifacio personally led an attack on Marikina, Montalban, and San Mateo. Although he initially succeeded in driving the Spanish out of those towns, they soon recaptured the cities, nearly killing Bonifacio when a bullet went through his collar. Rivalry With Aguinaldo Aguinaldos faction in Cavite was in competition with a second rebel group headed by an uncle of Bonifacios wife Gregoria de Jesus. As a more successful military leader and a member of a much wealthier, more influential family, Emilio Aguinaldo felt justified in forming his own rebel government in opposition to Bonifacios. On March 22, 1897, Aguinaldo rigged an election at the rebels Tejeros Convention to show that he was the proper president of the revolutionary government. To Bonifacios shame, he not only lost the presidency to Aguinaldo but was appointed to the lowly post of secretary of the interior. When Daniel Tirona questioned his fitness even for that job based on Bonifacios lack of university education, the humiliated former president pulled out a gun and would have killed Tirona if a bystander had not stopped him. Trial and Death After Emilio Aguinaldo won the rigged election at Tejeros, Bonifacio refused to recognize the new rebel government. Aguinaldo sent a group to arrest Bonifacio; the opposition leader did not realize that they were there with ill intent, and allowed them into his camp. They shot down his brother Ciriaco, seriously beat his brother Procopio, and according to some reports also raped his young wife Gregoria. Aguinaldo had Bonifacio and Procopio tried for treason and sedition. After a one-day sham trial, in which the defense lawyer averred their guilt rather than defending them, both Bonifacios were convicted and sentenced to death. Aguinaldo commuted the death sentence on May 8 but then reinstated it. On May 10, 1897, both Procopio and Bonifacio were likely shot dead by a firing squad on Nagpatong Mountain. Some accounts say that Bonifacio was too weak to stand, due to untreated battle wounds, and was actually hacked to death in his stretcher instead. He was just 34 years old. Legacy As the first self-declared president of the independent Philippines, as well as the first leader of the Philippine Revolution, Bonifacio is a crucial figure in Filipino history. However, his exact legacy is the subject of dispute among Filipino scholars and citizens. Jose Rizal is the most widely recognized national hero of the Philippines, although he advocated a more pacifist approach to reforming Spanish colonial rule. Aguinaldo is generally cited as the first president of the Philippines, even though Bonifacio took on that title before Aguinaldo did. Some historians feel that Bonifacio has gotten short shrift and should be set beside Rizal on the national pedestal. Bonifacio has been honored with a national holiday on his birthday, however, just like Rizal. November 30 is Bonifacio Day in the Philippines. Sources Bonifacio, Andres. The Writings and Trial of Andres Bonifacio. Manila: University of the Philippines, 1963. Constantino, Letizia. The Philippines: A Past Revisited. Manila: Tala Publishing Services, 1975. Ileta, Reynaldo Clemena. Filipinos and their Revolution: Event, Discourse, and Historiography. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1998.78

Islamic finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamic finance - Essay Example It may be defined as a finance system that conforms to Islamic law, also known as Sharia, although the definition does not imply that is it limited to Muslims or Islamic countries (Rammal & Zurbruegg 86) Islamic finance is guided by ethical concepts prescribed by Sharia in relation to money and capital and the association between profit and risk as well as the social obligations of financial institutions. It has grown into a global and cosmopolitan financial system, committed to a text that may be accessed by all people. Being open to innovation, the system has been able to effectively compete with the conventional financial system by offering a wide range of financial products suiting numerous customer needs. Serving as an alternative to the conventional financial system, Islamic finance has been forging a more functional link between activities of real economy that generate value and the financial activities which facilitate it. This paper will discuss ways in which Islamic finance can be considered as an alternative to conventional finance and why it is a viable alternative. Governance and Regulation Although it is governed by the same fundamental monetary policies as conventional banking, the key and most significant distinguishing factor is the requirement of a strict adherence to a code of ethics (Zepeda 52). At the microeconomic level, Islamic finance is regulated by Sharia supervisory boards, or Sharia scholars at the least, who are responsible for approving and reviewing financial products and practices for compliance with Sharia guidelines. At microeconomic levels, the key regulatory authorities and institutions are located in Malaysia and Bahrain as the largest segments of the Islamic finance’s market are predominantly found in those jurisdictions. Among the leading organizations that set standards of the system are the Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Finance (AAOIFI), Malaysia Accounting Standards Board (MASB) and Islamic Fin ancial Standards Board (IFSB). AAOIFI is based in Bahrain while MASB and IFSB are in Malaysia (Zepeda 53). Islamic Finance as an Alternative to Conventional Finance The conventional finance system has been described as being innately unstable mainly due to being based on interest and debt as well as using the credit multiplier to leverage itself while creating debt excessively. It is characteristic of government rules and regulations, insurance schemes and treatment of tax to promote contracts that are based on debt in conventional finance rather than those involving sharing of the risks (Zepeda 48). As such, a finance system founded on debt encourages the transfer of risk while the gains of sharing risks are underused. Islamic finance offers an alternative to conventional finance to those seeking to integrate values and ethics into financial services as a positive development that also promotes social justice. The alternative can best be viewed from the two perspectives through whi ch the system has evolved. First, the system has eliminated interest-based finance, also known as riba, as per the guidelines of Sharia. It is also from this principle that the nature of capital is held exclusively as a medium of exchange since it has no attached intrinsic value. Second, it has developed a comprehensive range of low-risk financial products that aim at giving depositors, shareholders and regulators the same level of confidence. Although most of the products are debt-based and resemble the instruments used in conventional finance, they bear a distinguishing feature in the way they promote entrepreneurship; do not support speculative behavior; preserve property rights; advocate for sharing both returns and risks; and keep contractual obligations transparent (Mahlknecht 71). In this manner, the system has not

Management of innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management of innovation - Essay Example Just like any real property, the intellectual property can also be sold. Additionally, intellectual property is owned by the person or persons that came up with the concept or ideas first. The reason why the intellectual property is bound by law is to exclude other people from using the intellectual property at hand without the owner’s consent, or depending on the law, the owner may protect against anybody using their ideas for financial purposes. This paper will discuss whether the intellectual property protection is beneficial, or whether it is a hindrance to innovation. The intellectual effort of an individual should be protected against abuse by other people or organizations. Protection acts as an incentive to the innovator, and inspires them to continue with their original work, and this improves the living standards of the innovator, and consequently propels the economic development of any nation (Ahearn 2012, p. 45). Intellectual property is very important to capitalists because this helps companies to become unique and very competitive as well as enhancing the economic growth, of the innovator, the investor and the entire nation (Bernstein 2010, p. 72). Intellectual property plays a very important role in the economic development and stability of states and nations. Most individual innovators and companies rely on the legal protection of their intelligent quality products for financial growth and constancy. Intellectual property plays a major role in the employment sector, with known intelligent quality companies creating jobs to millions of young innovators across the world (Sichelman 2010, p 347). Studies have shown that the employees in the intelligent property companies earn 30% more compared to their counterparts in other companies therefore creating a financial stability and satisfaction (Puric, Puric, & Vlaskovic 2013, p.

Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community - Essay Example For example Target partnered with First Book in 2008 with the goal of donating new books to American schools in the lower income communities. Target also operated a REDcard program through which US$298 million dollars have been donated to US K-12 schools beginning in 1997. In addition, Target has partnered with Feeding America since 2001 under the auspices of its Meals for Minds program. Through this program Target has funded US2.3 million to Meals for Minds and another US$1.2 to food banks and a number of school food programs in the US. Target also donates both time and personnel to United Way’s charitable efforts and has donated up to US$13.8 million in 2009. In keeping with its mandate to aid in educating America, Target has made it possible for American families to explore the arts and craft landscape in the US. Through Target’s efforts and direct donations, American families can visit various Art Museums across the country at reduced admission rates or by virtue of free admission on designated days each week. Moreover, 2,2000 performances are available to American families either for free or reduced admission as a result of Target’s sponsorship.

Assess the management of the Canadian Wolseley company Research Paper

Assess the management of the Canadian Wolseley company - Research Paper Example These processes include frequent reporting on the status of internal control and risk management from the Audit Committee, and annual objectives’ and strategic plan reviews before the approval of the strategies and budgets of the company. Management exercises control at business unit level by monitoring monthly performance against forecasts, budgets, and cash targets. The Board regularly visits the Managing Directors and Group Chief Executive of the different geographical regions for effective communication and collaboration on all strategic matters. â€Å"The Board has formal procedures in place for approving investment, acquisition and disposal projects, with designated levels of authority, supported by post-investment review processes for major acquisitions or disposals and capital expenditure† (â€Å"Risk Management†). The management of Wolseley comprises a large team of highly qualified and competent professionals with years of experience in their respective fields. The efforts of the management are directed at developing a healthy organizational culture at Wolseley where organizational personnel can feel comfortable and reach their optimal

Are law enforcement cameras an invasion of privacy Essay

Are law enforcement cameras an invasion of privacy - Essay Example I think that these concerns are valid because the installation of law enforcement cameras has led to the loss of personal privacy as the citizens are constantly watched by other individuals. Some people also believe that the law enforcement cameras do not discourage criminal activities since they act as informants or reporters of an ongoing crime (Richards 42). This paper will illustrate why law enforcement cameras should not be used as they infringe on individuals’ privacy. Firstly, the privacy laws that have been set in the United Kingdom are ambiguous and they cannot be used to protect the citizens against the infringement of certain privacy laws (Raab and Goold 1). This is because the privacy laws allow for the installation of law enforcement cameras in every public place without the consideration of an individual’s privacy. David Barrett, a home affairs correspondent for the Telegraph states that: â€Å"An estimated six million closed-circuit television cameras are in Britain, with seven hundred and fifty thousand cameras overlooking ‘sensitive locations’ for example, care homes, hospitals, and schools† (Barrett). Barrett continues to state that there is a law enforcement camera for every eleven people in Britain. This clearly shows that the citizens are being observed. People are afraid of their privacy since the government can observe everything that they do in the public areas. Some people are afraid of taking walks in the parks as they figure out that there can be a hidden camera being used by another person to observe them. Many people cannot enjoy their alone time as they feel that they are being watched (Raab and Goold 4). These illustrations demonstrate some of the effects that law enforcement cameras have on people and the different concerns about their right to privacy. Law enforcement cameras put unnecessary fear in

Critically discuss the importance of sponsorship in the event industry Essay

Critically discuss the importance of sponsorship in the event industry - Essay Example The benefit that the event experiences is funding that might not otherwise be available if this marketing opportunity was not possible. Sponsorship provides a mutually beneficial relationship between the sponsor and the organization of the event, a conduit for communication that then occurs between the event and the market that exploits that relationship. The benefits of this relationship are defined by the elevation of the image of the sponsor through association and the event through monetary resources from which to fund the event. The following essay will explore the relationship of the sponsor and the event, their unique blend of product and cause creating an opportunity for associations that connect through an emotional context to consumers. The essay will first explore the meaning of sponsorship, transitioning to the benefits to the sponsors and then to the event organization. Although a mutually beneficial relationship, there are issues that can arise that will cause problems for either the sponsor or the event. These issues will be examined for their effect on the sponsorship relationship. The conclusion of the paper reveals that sponsorship is a powerful resource in enhancing a brand, creating positive emotional context through transference of social equity from an active entity to a supporting entity. 2. Defining Sponsorship According to Damster and Tassiopoulos (2006, p. ... According to Bowdin (2006, p. 228), â€Å"sponsorship is said to be one of the most powerful mediums now used to communicate and form relationships with stakeholders and markets†. The relationships that are formed during the act of sponsorship connects the sponsor to the event, allowing the market to relate one to the other, in spite of direct relevance to the connectivity between the sponsoring entity and the purpose of the event. As an example, a soft drink may have no direct relationship to a sport, but still may become associated with the emotional connections that a consumer makes to that sport as it is then transferred to the soft drink. As suggested, not only events can be sponsored, but individuals through either their participation in an event or through their participation in their sport or craft can be sponsored by outside entities. A specific example of intra-sport types of sponsorship can be seen through the sponsor of a celebrity sports personality through the eq uipment that he or she uses. According to Pringle (2004, p. 126), â€Å"customers perceive outstanding performance to be inextricably connected with a piece of sporting equipment and can assume with a high level of confidence that if they too were to play using that particular guitar, piano, racket, bat, club, or pair of boots, then their own personal performance would certainly be no worse†. In associating a piece of equipment that is related to the expertise of a celebrity, a brand can benefit from the perceived superiority of its product. Therefore, when defining sponsorship on a larger scale in terms of event sponsorship, it must be understood that this is undertaken by a company in order to

Are law enforcement cameras an invasion of privacy Essay

Are law enforcement cameras an invasion of privacy - Essay Example I think that these concerns are valid because the installation of law enforcement cameras has led to the loss of personal privacy as the citizens are constantly watched by other individuals. Some people also believe that the law enforcement cameras do not discourage criminal activities since they act as informants or reporters of an ongoing crime (Richards 42). This paper will illustrate why law enforcement cameras should not be used as they infringe on individuals’ privacy. Firstly, the privacy laws that have been set in the United Kingdom are ambiguous and they cannot be used to protect the citizens against the infringement of certain privacy laws (Raab and Goold 1). This is because the privacy laws allow for the installation of law enforcement cameras in every public place without the consideration of an individual’s privacy. David Barrett, a home affairs correspondent for the Telegraph states that: â€Å"An estimated six million closed-circuit television cameras are in Britain, with seven hundred and fifty thousand cameras overlooking ‘sensitive locations’ for example, care homes, hospitals, and schools† (Barrett). Barrett continues to state that there is a law enforcement camera for every eleven people in Britain. This clearly shows that the citizens are being observed. People are afraid of their privacy since the government can observe everything that they do in the public areas. Some people are afraid of taking walks in the parks as they figure out that there can be a hidden camera being used by another person to observe them. Many people cannot enjoy their alone time as they feel that they are being watched (Raab and Goold 4). These illustrations demonstrate some of the effects that law enforcement cameras have on people and the different concerns about their right to privacy. Law enforcement cameras put unnecessary fear in

Perception of an Object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Perception of an Object - Essay Example Hence, whatever we do, it is based on reasoning or motivating forces that influence our thinking process and the way we think. Â  Although we react as per the perception of the event, it is equally true that our reactions are also influenced by the manipulations of the information that are retained in the memory of the brain. Some of the forces that might determine our form of ‘thinking’ may include gender, ethnicity, scientific background, official compulsions or socio-economic parameters. Hence our judgment of events is largely dependent on the memory that stores information about that event. As a student, we are often faced with situations that are often interpreted in different ways by different people including my friends, teachers, relatives etc. Â  In one of the school trips, Danny, despite being the brightest students in our class, refused to go. Everyone was pretty annoyed and little upset also because Danny was not only the brightest in the class, he was also a great fun. Since the examinations were also around the corner, everyone concluded that he did not want to waste time but would rather use the time to study. As I later found out, everybody was wrong! Danny very much wanted to go but he was not able to go because his parents were getting a divorce and he was heartbroken. I was only able to find out because when I accused him of being selfish, the whole thing came out. He had confided only because I was his good friend so I had to keep silent while my friend’s absence was made a subject of ridicule. It was a lesson in perception. What is perceived to be an easy explanation of events often has a deeper meaning which can only be understood by rationalizing the actions of other people? Indeed, we need to rationa lize other people’s action and try to look at the events from their perspectives. Why the person acted the way he did.

Psychology References Essay Example for Free

Psychology References Essay Select something you either strongly like or dislike (e.g., reading, competitive sports, flying, snakes, etc.). Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you: 1. Briefly describe your like or dislike (one to two (1-2) sentences). 2. Describe the subfield (e.g., cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, psychoanalytic psychology, etc.) you believe is best suited for providing psychological insight into your preference (the fact that you like or dislike the thing you do) and why you believe it is so. 3. Discuss how biological bases of behavior (including sensation and perception) have contributed to your preference. 4. Analyze how engaging in or reacting to your preference (e.g., playing competitive sports or encountering a snake) affects your state of consciousness during that engagement. 5. Discuss the role that learning has had on the fact that you like or dislike the thing you described. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: †¢ Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. †¢ Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: †¢ Distinguish between the major schools of thought in psychology. †¢ Discuss the biological factors that influence behavior. †¢ Describe the major theories of learning, memory, cognition, consciousness, development, and social psychology. †¢ Use technology and information resources to research issues in psychology. †¢ Write clearly and concisely about psychology using proper writing mechanics. Grading for this assignment will be based on answer quality, logic/organization of the paper, and language and writing skills, using the following rubric.